What is a CNC plasma cutter and how does it work?

Computer numerical control (CNC) has been incorporated into a variety of different machines and technologies, including plasma cutting machines, to provide better control for more technical cutting. If you want to know what a CNC plasma cutter is and how it works, consulting with an expert, such as those from SUNNA, will provide you with more in-depth knowledge and make it easier for you to determine if a CNC plasma cutter is the best choice for your specific project requirements.

What is a CNC plasma cutter?

A CNC plasma cutter is a machine specifically designed to cut electrically conductive materials through the use of a computer-controlled and guided accelerated jet of hot plasma onto the material being cut. CNC plasma cutters can cut a wide range of different materials, including steel, aluminum, brass and copper, and can be used in a variety of different industries, such as fabrication and welding shops, automotive repair and restoration shops, industrial construction sites, and salvage job sites.

How does a CNC plasma cutter work?

CNC plasma cutters are computer-run systems that are capable of moving the HD plasma torch in all directions using digital codes that have been programmed into the computer. The HD plasma cutter itself operates by forcing gas or compressed air through a nozzle at high speed. An electric arc is then introduced into the gas, creating a plasma capable of cutting metal.

CNC plasma cutters come in a variety of sizes, prices, and features. These machines are highly accurate and capable of cutting metal at speeds of up to 500 inches per minute. While HD plasma cutters require plasma gas and an auxiliary gas to function, the type of gas will vary depending on the material being cut. Some of the gases that can be used for plasma cutting include:

Oxygen-Can be used to cut mild steel up to 1 1/4 inches thick, but can cause stainless steel and aluminum cuts to look rough.

Argon and Hydrogen Blend - Provides a high quality, smooth cut on stainless steel and aluminum.

Compressed air - for low current cutting applications on metals up to 1 inch thick.

Nitrogen - can be used to cut thin stainless steel.

Methane - can be used to cut thin stainless steel.

If you would like more information about CNC plasma cutting machines, please contact a SUNNA staff member.